Multilingual etymological dictionary

ἀ‑

• Gloss: ‘un-’
• Connotations
  • Proto-Indo-European > South Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Missing ending! Use 1st sg for verbs.
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *n̥‑
• Descendant
  • Koi ἄ‑τομ‑ος

ἄγαλμα

• Gloss: ‘statue, bust’
• Descendant
  • LMLem àgalma‑yr

ἀγκινάρ‑α

• Gloss: ‘artichoke’
• Descendant
  • LMLem ankinàr‑yr

ἄγμων

• Gloss: ‘anvil, meteoritic stone’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > South Hellenic not finished yet!
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *ákmōn

ἀδελφ‑ός

• Gloss: ‘brother’
• Connotation
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
• Ancestor: EHell *m̥q̌elph‑ós
• Descendant
  • LMLem adelf‑yr

ἀήρ

• Gloss: ‘air, wind’
• Connotation
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
• Ancestor: EHell *awḗr
• Descendant
  • NLem aer‑a

ἀκρό‑πολι‑ς

• Gloss: ‘upper town, castle, stronghold’
• Constituents: Koi ἄκρ‑ος + πόλι‑ς
• Variant: compound
• Descendant
  • LMLem akròpoli‑yr

ἄκρ‑ος

• Gloss: ‘sharp, topmost’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *ákr‑os
• Descendant
  • Koi ἀκρό‑πολι‑ς

ἀμν‑ός

• Gloss: ‘lamb’
• Ancestor: EHell *aq̌n‑ós

ἀσί‑ᾱ

• Gloss: ‘Anatolia, Asia’
• Descendant
  • LMLem asì‑yr

ἄ‑τομ‑ος

• Gloss: ‘uncuttable > atom’
• Constituents: Koi ἀ‑ + τέμν‑ω
• Variant: compound
• Irregularity: nominalisation
• Descendant
  • LMLem àtom‑yr

αὐλ‑ός

• Gloss: ‘tube, flute, pipe’
• Connotations
  • Proto-Indo-European > South Hellenic not finished yet!
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *aul‑ós

ἀχιλλεύ‑ς

• Gloss: ‘Achilles’
• Irregularity: probably meaning ‘grief of the people’
• Descendant
  • ModLem axileàs.

βάλλ‑ω

• Gloss: ‘throw’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Other possibility: l̥ > λα
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *q̌ĺ̥l‑ō
• Descendant
  • Koi ὑπερ‑βάλλ‑ω

βασιλεῦ‑ς

• Gloss: ‘chief, king’
• Connotation
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *q̌atileũ‑s
• Irregularity: assibilation
• Descendant
  • LMLem basilè‑ar

βαστάζ‑ω

• Gloss: ‘lift, raise, bear’
• Irregularity: of Pre-Greek origin
• Descendant
  • Koi βαστ‑ώ

βαστ‑ώ

• Gloss: ‘lift, raise, bear’
• Ancestor: Koi βαστάζ‑ω
• Irregularity: short form
• Descendant
  • LMLem bast‑ar

βέλ‑ος

• Gloss: ‘missile, arrow’
• Connotations
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *q̌él‑os
• Irregularity: levelling
• Descendant
  • NLem bel‑a

βέμβιξ

• Gloss: ‘bumblebee, spinning top’
• Descendant
  • LMLem bèmbik‑yr

βιβλί‑ον

• Gloss: ‘book’
• Descendant
  • LMLem biblì‑yr

βουλ‑ή

• Gloss: ‘will, decision, (Athenian) senate’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > South Hellenic not finished yet!
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: Koi βούλο‑μαι
• Irregularity: nominalisation
• Descendant
  • LMLem bul‑yr

βούλο‑μαι

• Gloss: ‘wish, will’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > South Hellenic not finished yet!
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *q̌ólno‑mai
• Descendant
  • Koi βουλ‑ή

βοῦ‑ς

• Gloss: ‘cow, cattle’

γόμ‑ος

• Gloss: ‘cargo’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *góm‑os
• Descendant
  • ModLem gomàs.

γόνυ

• Gloss: ‘knee’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *gónu
• Descendant
  • Koi γωνί‑α

γραμμ‑ή

• Gloss: ‘line’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: Koi γράφ‑ω
• Irregularity: nominalisation
• Descendant
  • LMLem gramm‑yr

γράφ‑ω

• Gloss: ‘draw, write’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *gráph‑ō
• Descendant
  • Koi γραμμ‑ή

γυμνάζ‑ω

• Gloss: ‘train (naked)’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > South Hellenic not finished yet!
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: Koi γυμν‑ός
• Irregularity: deadjectival verb

γυμνάσι‑ον

• Gloss: ‘(gymnastic) school’
• Descendant
  • LMLem gUmnàsi‑yr

γυμν‑ός

• Gloss: ‘naked, bare’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > South Hellenic not finished yet!
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *q̌omn‑ós
• Descendant
  • Koi γυμνάζ‑ω

γωνί‑α

• Gloss: ‘corner(stone), angle’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: Koi γόνυ
• Descendant
  • Koi τετρά‑γων‑ον

δέ

• Gloss: ‘but, however [connecting sentences]’
• Ancestor: EHell *de

δέ‑ω

• Gloss: ‘bind’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > South Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Factive narrowing
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *dé‑ō
• Descendant
  • Koi ὑπό‑δημ‑α

δια‑

• Gloss: ‘through, across, by, over’
• Connotations
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Missing ending! Use 1st sg for verbs.
  • Weakening narrowing
  • Weakening narrowing
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *dwisa‑

διασφάξ

• Gloss: ‘gorge, lit. hewn through’
• Descendant
  • ModLem dasfàk.

δίς

• Gloss: ‘twice’
• Connotations
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Weakening narrowing
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *dwis

δίσκ‑ος

• Gloss: ‘disk’
• Descendant
  • LMLem dìsk‑yr

δόρυ

• Gloss: ‘wood, tree, spear’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *dóru

δῶμα

• Gloss: ‘house’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *dõ
• Irregularity: rebuilt as %1013%1000-stem
• Descendant
  • Koi δωμάτι‑ον

δωμάτι‑ον

• Gloss: ‘room, chamber’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: Koi δῶμα
• Irregularity: diminutive
• Descendant
  • LMLem domàti‑yr

ἐγώ

• Gloss: ‘I’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > South Hellenic not finished yet!
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *egṓ

εἴρ‑ω

• Gloss: ‘link, bind together’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Auto-converse: swap quick and strong
  • Factive narrowing
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *héry‑ō
• Descendant
  • Koi σειρ‑ά

ἐλέφᾱ‑ς

• Gloss: ‘elephant’
• Connotations
  • Metonymy: itself for act
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *eléphan‑s
• Descendants
  • LMLem elèfa‑yr
  • NLem elefa‑a

ἐμβάλλ‑ω

• Gloss: ‘throw in’
• Connotations
  • Other possibility: l̥ > λα
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *en‑q̌ĺ̥l‑ō
• Descendant
  • Koi ἐμβολ‑ή

ἐμβολ‑ή

• Gloss: ‘thrust, battering ram’
• Connotations
  • Other possibility: l̥ > λα
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: Koi ἐμβάλλ‑ω
• Irregularity: nominalisation
• Descendant
  • NLem embol‑a

ἔντομ‑ον

• Gloss: ‘insect’
• Connotation
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *én‑tom‑on
• Descendant
  • NLem entom‑a

ἐπίκουρ‑ος

• Gloss: ‘Epicurus’
• Irregularity: meaning ‘ally’
• Descendant
  • ModLem epikuràs.

εὐρώπ‑η

• Gloss: ‘Europa, Europe’
• Connotation
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *eurṓp‑ā

ἤ

• Gloss: ‘or’
• Connotation
  • Weakening narrowing
• Ancestor: EHell *wē

θερμ‑ός

• Gloss: ‘warm’
• Connotation
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
• Ancestor: EHell *qherm‑ós
• Descendant
  • NLem qerm‑a

θήρ

• Gloss: ‘wild beast’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *thḗr
• Descendant
  • LMLem qèr‑yr

ἰότη‑ς

• Gloss: ‘wish’
• Descendant
  • NLem iote‑a

κάμηλ‑ος

• Gloss: ‘camel’
• Connotation
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *kámēl‑os
• Descendant
  • LMLem kàmel‑yr

καρδί‑ᾱ

• Gloss: ‘heart’
• Connotations
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Other possibility: r̥ > ρα
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *kr̥dí‑ā
• Descendant
  • NLem kard‑a

καρῶτ‑ον

• Gloss: ‘carrot’
• Descendant
  • LMLem karòt‑yr

κῆτ‑ος

• Gloss: ‘whale, sea monster’
• Connotation
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *kẽt‑os

κιβωτ‑ός

• Gloss: ‘wooden box, chest’
• Descendant
  • LMLem kibot‑yr

κόγχ‑η

• Gloss: ‘mussel’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *kónkh‑ā
• Descendant
  • Koi κόχλ‑ος

κονί‑ᾱ

• Gloss: ‘dust, plaster (for coating walls)’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *koní‑ā
• Descendant
  • LMLem konì‑yr

κόνι‑ς

• Gloss: ‘powder, dust’
• Descendant
  • LMLem kòni‑yr

κόχλ‑ος

• Gloss: ‘snail (shell)’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: Koi κόγχ‑η
• Irregularity: probably related to
• Descendant
  • NLem koxl‑a

κύκλ‑ος

• Gloss: ‘wheel, circle’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *qúql‑os
• Descendant
  • LMLem kÙkl‑yr

κύπειρ‑ον

• Gloss: ‘galingale (<i>Cyperus longus</i>)’
• Descendant
  • LMLem kÙper‑yr

λιβύ‑η

• Gloss: ‘(North) Africa’
• Ancestor: Koi λίβυ‑ς
• Irregularity: derivation
• Descendant
  • LMLem libÙ‑yr

λίβυ‑ς

• Gloss: ‘Libu (tribe in North Africa)’
• Descendant
  • Koi λιβύ‑η

λίθ‑ος

• Gloss: ‘stone’
• Descendant
  • NLem liq‑a

λιμήν

• Gloss: ‘harbour’
• Descendant
  • LMLem limèn‑yr

μαγνῆτι‑ς

• Gloss: ‘magnet’
• Descendant
  • LMLem magnèti‑yr

μέλι

• Gloss: ‘honey’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Pejorative narrowing
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *méli

μέλισσ‑α

• Gloss: ‘bee’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *melilíkhi‑ā
• Descendant
  • NLem meliss‑a

μή

• Gloss: ‘don’t’
• Ancestor: EHell *mē

μήτηρ

• Gloss: ‘mother’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *mā́tēr

μυριά‑ς

• Gloss: ‘ten thousand, countless numbers’
• Descendant
  • LMLem mUrià‑yr

ναυ‑πήγι‑ον

• Gloss: ‘shipyard’
• Constituents: Koi ναῦ‑ς + πηγνυ‑μι
• Variant: compound
• Irregularity: nominalisation
• Descendant
  • LMLem napègi‑yr

ναῦ‑ς

• Gloss: ‘ship’
• Connotations
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Strengthening narrowing
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *snaũ‑s
• Descendants
  • Koi ναυ‑πήγι‑ον
  • Koi ναυ‑τιλί‑ᾱ

ναυ‑τιλί‑ᾱ

• Gloss: ‘seafaring’
• Connotations
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Strengthening narrowing
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: Koi ναῦ‑ς
• Irregularity: nominal derivation
• Descendant
  • ModLem natlà.

νόμ‑ος

• Gloss: ‘law’
• Descendant
  • LMLem nòm‑yr

οἶ‑ς

• Gloss: ‘sheep’
• Descendant
  • ModLem oàs.

ὄμβρ‑οι

• Gloss: ‘Umbri (Sabellic tribe)’
• Descendant
  • LMLem òmbr‑yr

ὄφι‑ς

• Gloss: ‘snake, serpent’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > South Hellenic not finished yet!
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *óqhi‑s

πάπῡρ‑ος

• Gloss: ‘papyrus (<i>Cyperus papyrus</i>)’
• Connotation
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *pápūr‑os

πᾱ́ν

• Gloss: ‘Pan’
• Descendant
  • LMLem pàn‑yr

πᾶ‑ς

• Gloss: ‘all, every’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > South Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Softening narrowing
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *pā́n‑s

πηγνυ‑μι

• Gloss: ‘fasten, stiffen, build’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Causative/persuasive narrowing
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *pāgnu‑mi
• Descendant
  • Koi ναυ‑πήγι‑ον

πῑ́πτ‑ω

• Gloss: ‘fall’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *pī́pt‑ō

πόλι‑ς

• Gloss: ‘city’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *tpóli‑s
• Descendants
  • LMLem pòli‑yr
  • Koi ἀκρό‑πολι‑ς

ποταμ‑ός

• Gloss: ‘river’
• Descendant
  • ModLem potmàs.

πύργ‑ος

• Gloss: ‘tower, castle’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Cohyponymic transfer: obscure for familiar thing (pejorative)
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *púrg‑os
• Descendant
  • LMLem pÙrg‑yr

σάλπιγξ

• Gloss: ‘war-trumpet’
• Descendant
  • LMLem sàlpink‑yr

σειρ‑ά

• Gloss: ‘cord, rope’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Auto-converse: swap quick and strong
  • Factive narrowing
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: Koi εἴρ‑ω
• Irregularity: nominalisation
• Descendant
  • Koi σειρήν

σειρήν

• Gloss: ‘Siren’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Auto-converse: swap quick and strong
  • Factive narrowing
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: Koi σειρ‑ά
• Irregularity: agentive noun
• Descendant
  • LMLem serèn‑yr

σελήν‑η

• Gloss: ‘Moon (goddess), Selene’
• Descendant
  • NLem selen‑a

σῆμα

• Gloss: ‘sign’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > South Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Other possibility: thy > ττ
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *thyā́mn̥
• Descendants
  • LMLem sèma‑yr
  • Koi σημεῖ‑ον

σημεῖ‑ον

• Gloss: ‘sign, proof, point’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > South Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Other possibility: thy > ττ
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: Koi σῆμα
• Descendant
  • LMLem semè‑yr

σταυρ‑ός

• Gloss: ‘stake, pole’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > South Hellenic not finished yet!
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *staur‑ós

στέλλ‑ω

• Gloss: ‘make ready, equip, send’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Metonymy (weakening, quickening, abstracting)
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *stély‑ō

στήλ‑η

• Gloss: ‘pillar’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Other possibility: l̥ > λα
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *stĺ̥n‑ā
• Descendant
  • LMLem stèl‑yr

σχολ‑ή

• Gloss: ‘leisure; lecture, disputation’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > South Hellenic not finished yet!
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *skhol‑ā́

σωκράτη‑ς

• Gloss: ‘Socrates’
• Descendant
  • ModLem sokrateàs.

τάπη‑ς

• Gloss: ‘carpet, rug’
• Connotation
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *tápē‑s

τέ

• Gloss: ‘and’
• Ancestor: EHell *qe

τέλμα

• Gloss: ‘swamp’
• Descendant
  • ModLem telmà.

τέμν‑ω

• Gloss: ‘cut’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > South Hellenic not finished yet!
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *tm̥n‑ō
• Descendant
  • Koi ἄ‑τομ‑ος

τετρα‑

• Gloss: ‘four…’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Weakening narrowing
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: Koi τέτταρες
• Irregularity: combining form
• Descendant
  • Koi τετρά‑γων‑ον

τετρά‑γων‑ον

• Gloss: ‘square, rectangle’
• Constituents: Koi τετρα‑ + γωνί‑α
• Variant: compound
• Descendant
  • LMLem tetràgon‑yr

τέτταρες

• Gloss: ‘four’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Weakening narrowing
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *qétwores
• Descendant
  • Koi τετρα‑

τέχν‑η

• Gloss: ‘craft, art’
• Connotation
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *tékhn‑ā
• Descendant
  • LMLem tèxn‑yr

τηλέμαχ‑ος

• Gloss: ‘{name}’
• Descendant
  • ModLem telmàx.

τιᾱ́ρ‑ᾱ

• Gloss: ‘tiara’
• Connotation
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *tiā́r‑ā
• Descendant
  • NLem tiar‑a

τράμι‑ς

• Gloss: ‘gut’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *tér‑mi
• Irregularity: nominalisation
• Descendant
  • LMLem tràmi‑yr

τύπ‑ος

• Gloss: ‘impression, mark > type’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *túp‑os
• Descendant
  • LMLem tÙp‑yr

τύχ‑η

• Gloss: ‘Tyche (the Goddess of luck)’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Cohyponymic transfer: obscure for familiar thing (pejorative)
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *túkh‑ā
• Descendant
  • LMLem tÙx‑yr

φράγμα

• Gloss: ‘dam, barrier’
• Descendant
  • ModLem fragmà.

φώκ‑η

• Gloss: ‘seal’
• Connotation
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *phṓk‑ā
• Descendant
  • LMLem fòk‑yr

χείρ

• Gloss: ‘hand’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Cohyponymic transfer: obscure for familiar thing (pejorative)
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *kheī́r
• Descendant
  • NLem xer‑a

ψαλί‑ς

• Gloss: ‘scissors’
• Descendant
  • LMLem psalì‑yr

ψῡχ‑ή

• Gloss: ‘psyche’
• Connotation
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: Koi ψῡ́χ‑ω
• Irregularity: nominalisation
• Descendant
  • LMLem psUx‑yr

ψῡ́χ‑ω

• Gloss: ‘blow’
• Connotation
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *psū́kh‑ō
• Descendant
  • Koi ψῡχ‑ή

ἅρπυι‑α

• Gloss: ‘harpy’
• Descendants
  • LMLem xàrpU‑yr
  • NLem xarpU‑a

ἑλλά‑ς

• Gloss: ‘Greece’
• Descendant
  • LMLem xellà‑yr

ἱλκόν‑ον

• Gloss: ‘soap’
• Connotations
  • Metonymy: sender for content (abstracting)
  • Totum pro parte (weak whole)
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *silkón‑on
• Descendant
  • LMLem xilkòn‑yr

ἵππ‑ος

• Gloss: ‘horse’
• Ancestor: EHell *híqq‑os

ἵστη‑μι

• Gloss: ‘stand [tr.]’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *sístā‑mi
• Descendant
  • Koi ἱστ‑ός

ἱστί‑ον

• Gloss: ‘sail’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: Koi ἱστ‑ός
• Irregularity: diminutive
• Descendant
  • LMLem xistì‑yr

ἱστ‑ός

• Gloss: ‘mast’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: Koi ἵστη‑μι
• Irregularity: nominalisation
• Descendant
  • Koi ἱστί‑ον

ὑδρεί‑ᾱ

• Gloss: ‘irrigation, water supply’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Other possibility: r̥ > ρα
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: Koi ὕδωρ
• Irregularity: derivation
• Descendant
  • ModLem Udreà.

ὕδωρ

• Gloss: ‘water’
• Connotations
  • Or 1st mora stressed?
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Other possibility: r̥ > ρα
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *wódr̥
• Variant: ‘voiceless’ initial
• Irregularity: contamination from plural
• Descendant
  • Koi ὑδρεί‑ᾱ

ὑπερ

• Gloss: ‘over, above’
• Connotations
  • Proto-Indo-European > Early Hellenic not finished yet!
  • Early Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *huper
• Descendant
  • Koi ὑπερ‑βάλλ‑ω

ὑπερ‑βάλλ‑ω

• Gloss: ‘exceed’
• Constituents: Koi ὑπερ + βάλλ‑ω
• Variant: compound
• Descendant
  • Koi ὑπερβολ‑ή

ὑπερβολ‑ή

• Gloss: ‘hyperbola’
• Ancestor: Koi ὑπερ‑βάλλ‑ω
• Irregularity: nominalisation
• Descendant
  • LMLem xUperbol‑yr

ὑπο

• Gloss: ‘below’
• Connotations
  • Proto-Indo-European > South Hellenic not finished yet!
  • South Hellenic > Koine not finished yet!
• Ancestor: EHell *hupo
• Descendant
  • Koi ὑπό‑δημ‑α

ὑπό‑δημ‑α

• Gloss: ‘shoe’
• Constituents: Koi ὑπο + δέ‑ω
• Variant: compound
• Irregularity: nominalisation
• Descendant
  • LMLem xUpòdem‑yr